Recent modifications of Chinese administrative regulations adjust the functions of the police and publications authorities regarding the printing industry.
- Social Credit Regulation and Information Sharing with Law Enforcement (article 13)
An entirely new line has been added, saying that the administrative departments for publications are to exchange information on printing companies with the police and commercial regulators through the nation’s rapidly forming social credit information platform.
The social credit system is not a traditional credit system, but an expansive data aggregation system designed to evaluate the trustworthiness of companies and individuals based on their past conduct. Its records are not only meant to inform consumers, but are the basis for a collective reward and punishment scheme, which include reduced regulation for the creditworthy, and even being banned from certain fields if found untrustworthy.
- Reduced roles for the police
Perhaps because police will now have access to information through the credit platform, several of their direct regulatory roles have also been removed. This appears to largely eliminate double registration or double approval systems that had printing companies regulated by both police and publications authorities (some of which had been removed under previous revisions).
- Public Security Department under State council is no longer involved in drafting measures on several required systems such as for verification and registration of printing jobs, preservation of originals and destruction of defects (Article 5 paragraph 1), leaving this job solely to the administrative department of publication.
- It is no longer necessary to separately file with the police when establishing an in-house printer in a unit; allowing that registration with the publication authorities alone is sufficient (article 15). The power to enforce this registration requirements is also now solely with the publication authorities.
- Police approval is no longer required for printing proclamations, notices, employee cards for major events, traffic/gate passes, and coupons or tickets circulated publicly. Moreover, these works no longer need to be printed at establishments designated by the police.(article 31)
- Enforcement authority, including steep fines, has been shifted from the police to the publication authorities for some offenses as well, such as where one fails to verify approvals for printing the document types mentioned above; or prints counterfeit official documents such as diplomas. (article 43)
- For the first time, also, the regulations now clarify that criminal liability may be pursued for these offenses. This is more likely included as a reminder that police could be brought in if there is a crime than to reflect a harder stance against the offenses.
- Roles left for the police.
The police role is now reduced to situations where there is criminal activity or public security offenses, and less regulatory. (see article 38)
Comparison Chart of Impacted Sections
| 第五条 | 印刷业经营者应当建立、健全承印验证制度、承印登记制度、印刷品保管制度、印刷品交付制度、印刷活动残次品销毁制度等。具体办法由国务院出版行政部门会同国务院公安部门制定。 | 印刷业经营者应当建立、健全承印验证制度、承印登记制度、印刷品保管制度、印刷品交付制度、印刷活动残次品销毁制度等。具体办法由国务院出版行政部门会同国务院公安部门制定。 |
| 第十三条 | 出版行政部门应当按照国家社会信用信息平台建设的总体要求，与公安部门、工商行政管理部门或者其他有关部门实现对印刷企业信息的互联共享。 | |
| 第十五条 | 单位内部设立印刷厂（所），必须向所在地县级以上地方人民政府出版行政部门办理登记手续，并按照国家有关规定向公安部门备案；单位内部设立的印刷厂（所）印刷涉及国家秘密的印件的，还应当向保密工作部门办理登记手续。
| 单位内部设立印刷厂（所），必须向所在地县级以上地方人民政府出版行政部门办理登记手续，并按照国家有关规定向公安部门备案；单位内部设立的印刷厂（所）印刷涉及国家秘密的印件的，还应当向保密工作部门办理登记手续。
|
| 第三十一条 | 印刷布告、通告、重大活动工作证、通行证、在社会上流通使用的票证的，委托印刷单位必须出具主管部门的证明， | 印刷布告、通告、重大活动工作证、通行证、在社会上流通使用的票证的，委托印刷单位必须向印刷企业出具主管部门的证明。印刷企业必须验证主管部门的证明，并保存主管部门的证明副本2年，以备查验；并且不得再委托他人印刷上述印刷品。 |
| 第三十九条 | 单位内部设立印刷厂（所）违反本条例的规定，没有向所在地县级以上地方人民政府出版行政部门、保密工作部门办理登记手续，并按照国家有关规定向公安部门备案的，由县级以上地方人民政府出版行政部门、保密工作部门、公安部门依据法定职权责令改正，给予警告；情节严重的，责令停业整顿。 | 单位内部设立印刷厂（所）违反本条例的规定，没有向所在地县级以上地方人民政府出版行政部门、保密工作部门办理登记手续的，由县级以上地方人民政府出版行政部门、保密工作部门依据法定职权责令改正，给予警告；情节严重的，责令停业整顿。 |
| 第四十三条 | 有下列行为之一的，由公安部门给予警告，没收印刷品和违法所得，违法经营额1万元以上的，并处违法经营额5倍以上10倍以下的罚款；违法经营额不足1万元的，并处1万元以上5万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，责令停业整;者吊销特种行业许可证： | 有下列行为之一的，由出版行政部门给予警告，没收印刷品和违法所得，违法经营额1万元以上的，并处违法经营额5倍以上10倍以下的罚款；违法经营额不足1万元的，并处1万元以上5万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，责令停业整顿或者吊销印刷经营许可证；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任： |
| （一）印刷布告、通告、重大活动工作证、通行证、在社会上流通使用的票证，印刷企业没有验证主管部门的证明
（三）印刷业经营者伪造、变造学位证书、学历证书等国家机关公文、证件或者企业事业单位、人民团体公文、证件的。
印刷布告、通告、重大活动工作证、通行证、在社会上流通使用的票证，委托印刷单位没有取得主管部门证明的，或者没有按照国家有关规定向印刷企业所在地公安部门办理准印手续的，或者未在公安部门指定的印刷企业印刷的，由县级以上人民政府公安部门处以500元以上5000元以下的罚款。
| （一）印刷布告、通告、重大活动工作证、通行证、在社会上流通使用的票证，印刷企业没有验证主管部门的证明的，或者再委托他人印刷上述印刷品的； （二）印刷业经营者伪造、变造学位证书、学历证书等国家机关公文、证件或者企业事业单位、人民团体公文、证件的。 |
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