Source:http://www.legaldaily.com.cn/index_article/content/2015-09/28/content_6289313.htm?node=6148
II. Completing Judicial Case-handling Organization and Operational Mechanisms
III. Completing Operational Mechanisms for the Procuratorate Committee
IV. Clarifying the Scope of Authority of the Procuratorate Personnel
V. Completing Mechanisms for Procuratorate Management and Oversight
VI. Strict Determination and Pursuit of Judicial Responsibility
To better ensure that people's procuratorates lawfully and independently exercise the procuratorate powers, to raise the credibility of the judiciary, the following Opinions are hereby made on improving people's procuratorates' judicial responsibility systems.
I. Goals and Basic Principles
1．The goals of improving the people's procuratorate judicial responsibility system are: establishing sound organization for judicial case handling, scientifically delineating the scope of case handling authority within the judiciary, improving judicial case handling responsibility systems, linking fair and effective operating mechanisms for the judiciary with mechanisms for the determination and pursuit of judicial responsibility, and making it so that whoever handles a case or makes a decision is responsible for it.
2. The basic principles of the people's procuratorate judicial responsibility system are: Persist in following judicial discipline complying with the professional characteristics of the procuratorate; persist in emphasizing the prime role of procurators in case handling and strengthen combined supervision and restraints; persist in clarifying rights and obligations, and having parity between rights and obligations; persist in having subjective fault corresponding to objective acts, and having punishments adapted to the culpability.
II. Completing Judicial Case-handling Organization and Operational Mechanisms
3. Implement procurator responsibility systems. Implement classification management of procurators, put into place quantity controls on [the number of] procuratorial officials. Procurators must be the front line of the justice [system] in handling cases, and shall bear lifelong responsibility for the quality of the way in which a case has been handled. The number of cases handled by the procurator assuming the role of leader of a procuratorial office must reach a specified number. The manager of the business/operations department [业务部门] must have served as a procuratorial official.
4. Complete models of judicial case-handling organization. Carry out a model of individual procurators or procurator case-handling groups handling cases as necessary for the performance of duties and based on the type of case and its degree of complexity and difficulty.
Procurators undertaking a case alone, will have necessary procuratorate support staff appointed.
A procuratorial case handling team shall consist of two or more procurators, who shall be provided with necessary procuratorial support staff. A procuratorial case handling team may be a comparatively fixed arrangement, or it may be put together on a temporary basis depending upon judicial case handling needs, the presiding procurator is to be the responsible person for the procuratorial case handling team.
5. Review for arrest and review for prosecution cases are generally undertaken by a single procurator; major, difficult or complicated cases may also be undertaken by a procurator case handling group. 独任检察官、主任检察官对检察长（分管副检察长）负责，在职权范围内对办案事项作出决定。
6．Case directly accepted and investigated by the people's procuratorate are generally undertaken by a procurator case-handling group; simple cases may also be undertaken by a single procurator; The decision to commence 决定初查、立案、侦查终结等事项，由主任检察官或独任检察官提出意见，经职务犯罪侦查部门负责人审核后报检察长（分管副检察长）决定。
7．Litigation supervision and other legal supervision cases, may be undertaken by a single procurator and may also be undertaken by a procurator case-handling group. 独任检察官、主任检察官对检察长（分管副检察长）负责，在职权范围内对办案事项作出决定。 以人民检察院名义提出纠正违法意见、检察建议、终结审查、不支持监督申请或提出（提请）抗诉的，由检察长（分管副检察长）或检察委员会决定。
8．Where chief procurators, (deputy chief procurators in charge) participate in a procurator case-handling group or independently handle a case, they may make case-handling decisions within the scope of their authority.
9．Legal documents released in the name of people's procuratorates are to be signed by the chief procurators, (deputy chief procurators in charge) .
10． Chief procurators, (deputy chief procurators in charge) have the authority to conduct reviews of cases handled by single procurators or by procurator case-handling groups. 检察长（分管副检察长）不同意检察官处理意见，可以要求检察官复核或提请检察委员会讨论决定，也可以直接作出决定。 要求复核的意见、决定应当以书面形式作出，归入案件卷宗。
检察官执行检察长（分管副检察长）决定时，认为决定错误的，可以提出异议；检察长（分管副检察长）不改变该决定，或要求立即执行的，检察官应当执行，执行的后果由检察长（分管副检察长）负责，检察官不承担司法责任。 检察官执行检察长（分管副检察长）明显违法的决定的，应当承担相应的司法责任。
III. Completing Operational Mechanisms for the Procuratorate Committee
11. Increase the levels of legal governance, democratization, and scientific methods in the work of the Procuratorate Committee, in order to develop the functionality of the Procuratorate Committee in determining policy, providing guidance, and conducting oversight regarding important cases and other important issues. The cases to be discussed and decided by the Procuratorate Committee primarily include cases handled by this agency that are considered to be important, difficult, or complex cases, cases that concern national security, foreign affairs, or social stability, or cases that the lower People's Procuratorate have proposed for reconsideration.
12. The Procuratorate committee is composed of the Chief Procurator, the Deputy Chief-Procurator, full time members, and a portion of the senior procurators.
13．Procurators may submit a request that the procuratorate committee discuss a case they are undertaking, and follow procedures to report to the chief procurator for a decision.
14．Before the procuratorate committee puts the case to a vote, it shall conduct sufficient discussion. 表决实行主持人末位表态制。 检察委员会会议由专门人员如实记录，并按照规定存档备查。
15．Improve decision making consultation mechanisms for the procuratorate committee. 建立健全专家咨询委员会、专业研究小组等检察委员会决策辅助机构。 检察委员会讨论案件，可以邀请有关专家到场发表咨询意见。
IV. Clarifying the Scope of Authority of the Procuratorate Personnel
16．The chief procurator uniformly leads the procuratorate's work, following the law and relevant provisions to perform the following duties:
(1) Deciding whether to arrest or permit the arrest of a criminal suspect;
(2) Deciding whether to initiate litigation;
（三）决定是否提出抗诉、检察建议、纠正违法意见或提请抗诉，决定终结审查、不支持监督申请；
（四）对人民检察院直接受理立案侦查的案件，决定立案、不立案、撤销案件以及复议、复核、复查；
（五）对人民检察院直接受理立案侦查的案件，决定采取强制措施，决定采取查封、扣押、冻结财产等重要侦查措施；
（六）决定将案件提请检察委员会讨论，主持检察委员会会议；
（七）决定检察人员的回避；
（八）主持检察官考评委员会对检察官进行考评；
（九）组织研究检察工作中的重大问题；
（十）法律规定应当由检察长履行的其他职责。
副检察长、检察委员会专职委员受检察长委托，可以履行前款规定的相关职责。
17．Procurators perform their duties in accordance with statutory provisions and the chief procurator's delegation.
检察官承办案件，依法应当讯问犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的，至少亲自讯问一次。
Procurators personally bear responsibility for the following matters:
（一）询问关键证人和对诉讼活动具有重要影响的其他诉讼参与人；
（二）对重大案件组织现场勘验、检查，组织实施搜查，组织实施查封、扣押物证、书证，决定进行鉴定；
（三）组织收集、调取、审核证据；
(4) Preside over open reviews and announce disposition decisions;
(5) Represent the procuratorate in presenting supervisory opinions.
(6) appear at court;
(7) Other matters for which procurators should personally bear responsibility.
18. The principle procurator shall perform the following duties in addition to the duties of a procurator:
（一）负责办案组承办案件的组织、指挥、协调以及对办案组成员的管理工作；
（二）在职权范围内对办案事项作出处理决定或提出处理意见。
19．业务部门负责人除作为检察官承办案件外，还应当履行以下职责：
（一）组织研究涉及本部门业务的法律政策问题；
（二）组织对下级人民检察院相关业务部门办案工作的指导；
（三）召集检察官联席会议，对重大、疑难、复杂案件进行讨论，为承办案件的检察官或检察官办案组提供参考意见；
（四）负责本部门司法行政管理工作；
（五）应当由业务部门负责人履行的其他职责。
20．Procuratorate assistants perform the following duties under the procurators guidance.
（一）讯问犯罪嫌疑人、被告人，询问证人和其他诉讼参与人；
（二）接待律师及案件相关人员；
（三）现场勘验、检查，实施搜查，实施查封、扣押物证、书证；
（四）收集、调取、核实证据；
（五）草拟案件审查报告，草拟法律文书；
（六）协助检察官出席法庭；
（七）完成检察官交办的其他办案事项。
21．省级人民检察院结合本地实际，根据检察业务类别、办案组织形式，制定辖区内各级人民检察院检察官权力清单，可以将检察长的部分职权委托检察官行使。 各省级人民检察院制定的权力清单报最高人民检察院备案。
V. Completing Mechanisms for Procuratorate Management and Oversight
22．加强上级人民检察院对下级人民检察院司法办案工作的领导。 上级人民检察院可以指令下级人民检察院纠正错误决定，或依法撤销、变更下级人民检察院对案件的决定；可以对下级人民检察院管辖的案件指定异地管辖；可以在辖区内人民检察院之间调配检察官异地履行职务。
上级人民检察院对下级人民检察院司法办案工作的指令，应当由检察长决定或由检察委员会讨论决定，以人民检察院的名义作出。
23．下级人民检察院就本院正在办理的案件的处理或检察工作中的重大问题请示上级人民检察院的，应当经本院检察委员会讨论。 在请示中应当载明检察委员会讨论情况，包括各种意见及其理由以及检察长意见。
24．司法办案工作应当在统一业务应用系统上运行，实现办案信息网上录入、办案流程网上管理、办案活动网上监督。 检察长（分管副检察长）和业务部门负责人对办案工作审核、审批，应当在统一业务应用系统上进行。
25．人民检察院案件管理部门对司法办案工作实行统一集中管理，全面记录办案流程信息，全程、同步、动态监督办案活动，对办结后的案件质量进行评查。
26．建立随机分案为主、指定分案为辅的案件承办确定机制。 重大、疑难、复杂案件可以由检察长指定检察官办案组或独任检察官承办。
27．当事人举报投诉检察官违法办案，律师申诉、控告检察官阻碍其依法行使诉讼权利，或有迹象表明检察官违法办案的，检察长可以要求检察官报告办案情况。 检察长认为确有必要的，可以更换承办案件的检察官，并将相关情况记录在案。
28．建立以履职情况、办案数量、办案质效、司法技能、外部评价等为主要内容的检察官业绩评价体系。 评价结果作为检察官任职和晋职晋级的重要依据。
29．建立办案质量评价机制，以常规抽查、重点评查、专项评查等方式对办案质量进行专业评价。 评价结果应当在一定范围内公开。
30. Build open, dynamic, transparent, and convenient sunshine judicial mechanisms. 建立健全案件程序性信息查询平台、重要案件信息发布平台、法律文书公开平台、辩护与代理预约平台，推进新媒体公开平台建设。
31．Conscientiously accept the supervision of the people's congress, political consultative committees, all aspects of society, news media and people's supervisors; ensure lawyers' practice rights in accordance with law. Further improve internal check mechanisms, strengthen the oversight by discipline and inspection review institutions
VI. Strict Determination and Pursuit of Judicial Responsibility
32．Procuratorate personnel shall bear judicial responsibility for their performance of judicial duties, and be responsible for life for the quality of cases within the scope of their duties.
Judicial responsibility includes responsibility for intentional violations of laws and regulations, responsibility for gross negligence and responsibility for oversight and management. Other conduct of judicial personnel that violates laws and regulations, but is not related to judicial case-handling activities, is handled in accordance with the law, the "Procuratorate Personnel Disciplinary Sanctions Regulations (Provisional)" and other relevant provisions.
33．司法办案工作中虽有错案发生，但检察人员履行职责中尽到必要注意义务，没有故意或重大过失的，不承担司法责任。
检察人员在事实认定、证据采信、法律适用、办案程序、文书制作以及司法作风等方面不符合法律和有关规定，但不影响案件结论的正确性和效力的，属司法瑕疵，依照相关纪律规定处理。
34. Procuratorial staff who, in the course of handling judicial cases, intentionally perform one of the following acts, shall bear judicial responsibility:
(1) Shielding or indulging/colluding with reported persons, criminal suspects or defendants, or pursuing judicial responsibility for persons who are innocent;
(2) Destroying, fabricating, altering or concealing evidence;
(3) Extracting evidence through torture or using violence to obtain evidence or using other unlawful methods to obtain evidence;
(4) Violating regulations to deprive or restrict the personal freedom of parties or witnesses;
(5) Violating regulations to restrict litigants in the exercise of their rights to engage in litigation, resulting in grave or odious consequences;
(6) Acting in excess of jurisdictional authority for criminal cases in preliminary investigations (chucha) or in filing cases for criminal investigation (li'an);
(7) Unlawfully seizing or damaging/destroying parties' property;
(8) Sealing, seizing, freezing, taking care of or handling property involved in a case in violation of laws or regulations;
(9) Either refusing to, or delaying, the payment of compensation in cases where it has already been decided that state compensation will be paid;
(10) Using weapons, or police implements in violation of laws or regulations;
(11) Other violations of litigation procedure or regulations for the handling of judicial cases, which cause grave or odious consequences.
25. Where procuratorate personnel have gross negligence, lax performance or incorrect performance of duties in judicial case-handling, causing any of the following consequences, they shall bear judicial responsibility:
（一）认定事实、适用法律出现重大错误，或案件被错误处理的；
（二）遗漏重要犯罪嫌疑人或重大罪行的；
（三）错误羁押或超期羁押犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的；
(4) Where persons involved in the case commit suicide, harm themselves, or commit acts of violence;
（五）犯罪嫌疑人、被告人串供、毁证、逃跑的；
（六）举报控告材料或其他案件材料、扣押财物遗失、严重损毁的；
（七）举报控告材料内容或其他案件秘密泄露的；
（八）其他严重后果或恶劣影响的。
36．Where procuratorate personnel responsible for oversight management duties either intentionally or through gross negligence, are lax in exercising, or improperly exercise, oversight management powers, causing a serious error in judicial case handling work, they shall bear corresponding judicial responsibility.
37．In cases where a single procurator undertakes the case and makes decisions, the single procurator bears responsibility.
检察官办案组承办的案件，由其负责人和其他检察官共同承担责任。 办案组负责人对职权范围内决定的事项承担责任，其他检察官对自己的行为承担责任。
属于检察长（副检察长）或检察委员会决定的事项，检察官对事实和证据负责，检察长（副检察长）或检察委员会对决定事项负责。
38．检察辅助人员参与司法办案工作的，根据职权和分工承担相应的责任。 检察官有审核把关责任的，应当承担相应的责任。
39．检察长（副检察长）除承担监督管理的司法责任外，对在职权范围内作出的有关办案事项决定承担完全责任。 对于检察官在职权范围内作出决定的事项，检察长（副检察长）不因签发法律文书承担司法责任。 检察官根据检察长（副检察长）的要求进行复核并改变原处理意见的，由检察长（副检察长）与检察官共同承担责任。 检察长（副检察长）改变检察官决定的，对改变部分承担责任。
40．检察官向检察委员会汇报案件时，故意隐瞒、歪曲事实，遗漏重要事实、证据或情节，导致检察委员会作出错误决定的，由检察官承担责任；检察委员会委员根据错误决定形成的具体原因和主观过错情况承担部分责任或不承担责任。
41．上级人民检察院不采纳或改变下级人民检察院正确意见的，应当由上级人民检察院有关人员承担相应的责任。
下级人民检察院有关人员故意隐瞒、歪曲事实，遗漏重要事实、证据或情节，导致上级人民检察院作出错误命令、决定的，由下级人民检察院有关人员承担责任；上级人民检察院有关人员有过错的，应当承担相应的责任。
42．人民检察院纪检监察机构受理对检察人员在司法办案工作中违纪违法行为和司法过错行为的检举控告，并进行调查核实。
对检察人员承办的案件发生被告人被宣告无罪，国家承担赔偿责任，确认发生冤假错案，犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃跑或死亡、伤残等情形的，应当核查是否存在应予追究司法责任的情形。
43．人民检察院纪检监察机构经调查后认为应当追究检察官故意违反法律法规责任或重大过失责任的，应当报请检察长决定后，移送省、自治区、直辖市检察官惩戒委员会审议。
人民检察院纪检监察机构应当及时向检察官惩戒委员会通报当事检察官的故意违反法律法规或重大过失事实及拟处理建议、依据，并就其故意违反法律法规或重大过失承担举证责任。 当事检察官有权进行陈述、辩解、申请复议。
检察官惩戒委员会根据查明的事实和法律规定作出无责、免责或给予惩戒处分的建议。
A work charter for the procurator disciplinary committee is to be separately drafted.
44．对经调查属实应当承担司法责任的人员，根据《检察官法》、《检察人员纪律处分条例（试行）》、《检察人员执法过错责任追究条例》等有关规定，分别按照下列程序作出相应处理：
（一）应当给予停职、延期晋升、调离司法办案工作岗位以及免职、责令辞职、辞退等处理的，由组织人事部门按照干部管理权限和程序办理；
（二）应当给予纪律处分的，由人民检察院纪检监察机构依照有关规定和程序办理；
（三）涉嫌犯罪的，由人民检察院纪检监察机构将犯罪线索移送司法机关处理。
45. Where procuratorate personnel are not satisfied with a disposition decision, they have the right to submit an appeal in accordance with the "People's Procuratorate Work Regulations"
46．Procurators receive the protection of law when performing their duties in accordance with law. 非因法定事由、非经法定程序，不得将检察官调离、辞退或作出免职、降级等处分。 检察官依法办理案件不受行政机关、社会团体和个人的干涉。 检察官对法定职责范围之外的事务有权拒绝执行。
VII. Other
47．本意见适用于中央确定的司法体制改革综合试点地区确定的试点检察院，其他检察院可以参照执行。
48．The Supreme People's Procuratorate is Responsible for Interpreting these Opinions.
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