You might want to read some of our Social Credit Articles before diving in to this list of Chinese legal Materials. Click here for our list of related original content.
Below is our incomplete, but ever growing list of documents related to China’s social credit system, categorized by type.
- Core Structural Documents – These Documents Lay out Overarching Principles for Social Credit
- Local System Documents – These are Provincial-Level Regulations, governing all social credit work in a region. This includes restrictions on what information can be collected, how long it can be retained, and how it can be used.
- Personal Creditworthiness Systems – These are local systems for the collection of ‘creditworthiness’ information on individuals.
- Blacklists and Redlists – These are rules for what persons/individuals are included in various industry blacklists. Regardless of the name, we have included documents with rules for inclusion and removal, as well as consequences of listing.
- MOU's on Joint Rewards and Disciplinary Action – MOUs between government agencies in which one agency agrees to take some form of actions against those blacklisted by another.
- Documents Aimed at Specific Fields – These documents refer to information used in a certain industry, but do not have all the criteria needed to establish a blacklist.
- Passing Mention of Credit System – a very partial list of documents making passing mention of social credit.
- SUBMIT DOCUMENTS – Submit a document so we can add it to our list.
Core Structural Documents of the Social Credit System
| Name | Issuing Units | Date |
|---|---|---|
| 关于实行行政审批中公民、企事业单位和社会组织基本信息共享的通知 | 中央编办（国务院审改办） 发展改革委 公安部 民政部 工商总局 | 2017/4/6 |
| Guiding Opinion on Accelerating the Advance of the "Several Certificates in One" reform | General Office of the State Council | 2017/5/5 |
| Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Actively Advancing the "Internet +" Movement | State Council | 2015/07/04 |
| 国务院关于“先照后证”改革后 加强事中事后监管的意见 | State Council | 2015/11/03 |
| The General Office of the State Council's Several Opinions on Using Big Data to Strengthen Market Entity Services and Monitoring | General Office of the State Council | 2015/11/13 |
| Accelerating the "5 Certificates in 1, and 1 License-1 Number" Reforms to the Registration Systems | State Council | 2016/7/7 |
| Approval on Consent to Adjust the Responsibilities and Membership of the Inter-Departmental Council on Establishing a Social Credit System | State Council | 2012/7/17 |
| Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Establishment of Personal Creditworthiness System | Committee for Deepening Reform | 2016/11/1 |
| Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Establishment of Government Creditworthiness | Committee for Deepening Reform | 2016/11/1 |
| General Plan for Further Improving Real-name Registration Systems in Related Fields | Committee for Deepening Reform | 2016/10/11 |
| Endorsing the Development and Reform Commission and other Departments' Overall Plan for the Establishment of a Uniform System of Credit Numbers For Legal Persons and Other Organizations | State Council | 2015/11/13 |
| Opinion on Advancing the Systematic Establishment of Creditworthiness | Central Committee Guiding the Construction of Spiritual Civilization | 2014/8/1 |
| 社会信用体系建设规划纲要（2014—2020年) | State Council | 2014/6/27 |
| Division of Labor for "Social Credit System Construction Plan Outline (2014-2020)" Tasks | NRDC | 2014/12/16 |
| 国家发展改革会 | 2019年4月30日 | |
Guiding Opinion on Accelerating the Advancement of the Establishment of the Social Credit System with New Forms of Credit-based Regulatory Mechanisms | General Office of the State Council | 2019-7-9 |
| General Office of the National Development and Reform Commission | September 1, 2019 | |
Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Strengthening and Standardizing Regulation During and After the Matter | State Council | September 6, 2019 |
Local Systems
MOU's on Joint Rewards and Disciplinary Action
Documents Aimed at Specified Fields
| Name | Date | Issuing Units | Field |
|---|---|---|---|
| 食品药品监管总局关于推进食品药品安全信用体系建设的指导意见 | 2015年11月 | State Food and Drug Administration | food safety |
| Guiding Opinion on Comprehensively Strengthening the Establishment of Creditworthiness in the E-commerce Field | 1/16/2017 | 国家发展改革委 人民银行 中央网信办 公安部 交通运输部 商务部 工商总局 质检总局 食品药品监管总局 | E-commerce |
| Guiding Opinion on Strengthening the establishment of credit in the transport and travel field. | 1/13/2017 | 国家发展改革委 交 通 运 输 部 公安部 中 国 民 航 局 中国铁路总公司 | Transportation |
| Implementation Opinions of the Energy Bureau on the Establishment of a Credit System in the Energy Field | 12/21/2016 | Comprehensive Department of the National Energy Board | Energy |
| 农业部关于加快推进农产品质量安全信用体系建设的指导意见 | 12/8/2016 | Ministry of Agriculture | Agricultural Product Safety |
| 关于对电子商务及分享经济领域炒信行为相关失信主体实施联合惩戒的行动计划 | 11/11/2016 | 国家发改委 人民银行 中央网信办 公安部 商务部 工商总局 质检总局 中国消费者协会 | E-commerce and shared economy |
| Measures for Credit Level Assessment of Enterprise Labor Safeguards Compliance with Law and Creditworthiness | 8/3/2016 | Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security | Labor |
| Pilot Work Plan for the Establishment of Social Credit in the Courier Industry | 6/13/2016 | General Office of the National Postal Bureau | Logistics |
| Measures on the Prevention and Handling of Academic Misconduct | 6/16/2016 | Ministry of Education | Education |
| 3/25/2016 | Ministry of Science and Technology | Science and technology | |
| 2018年交通运输行业信用体系建设重点工作方案 | 2/9/2018 | General Office of the Ministry of Transport | Transport |
| 国家税务总局关于完善纳税信用管理有关事项的公告 | 2/16/2016 | State Administration of Taxation | Taxation |
| 关于加强企业环境信用体系建设的指导意见 | 12/15/2015 | Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Environmental Protection | Environmental |
| 关于印发交通运输企业安全生产诚信体系建设实施方案 | 7/23/2015 | Ministry of Transport Safety Committee | 交通运输企业安全生产 |
| 交通运输部关于加强交通运输行业信用体系建设的若干意见 | 5/12/2015 | Ministry of Transport | Transportation |
| 2018年交通运输信用体系建设工作要点 | 2/9/2018 | General Office of the Ministry of Transport | Transportation |
| Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Establishment of a Creditworthiness System for Enterprise Work Safety | 11/26/2014 | Work Safety Committee of the State Council | Production Safety |
| 关于推进行业协会商会诚信自律建设工作的意见 | 11/13/2014 | 民政部 中央编办 发展改革委 工业和信息化部 商务部 人民银行 工商总局 全国工商联 | 行业协会 商会 |
| 商务部关于加快推进商务诚信建设工作的实施意见 | 9/17/2014 | Ministry of Commerce | 商务 |
| 纳税信用管理办法（试行） | 7/4/2014 | State Administration of Taxation | 税务 |
| 总局办公厅关于印发对税务等领域信用A级食品药品生产经营者实施联合激励措施的通知 | 2017年02月14日 | State Food and Drug Administration | 食品、药品 |
| 青年信用体系建设规划（2016-2020年） | 2016/12/08 | 共 青 团 中 央 国 家 发 展 改 革 委 中 国 人 民 银 行 | 青年 |
| http://www.creditchina.gov.cn/newsdetail/15604 | 2016/10/26 | 国家发展改革委员会 | 招标投标 |
| 关于开展2015年度企业债券主承销商信用评价工作关于开展2015年度企业债券主承销商信用评价工作 | 2016/10/14 | General Office of the National Development and Reform Commission | 企业债券主承销商 |
| 关于在政府采购活动中查询及使用信用记录有关问题 | 2016/09/30 | Ministry of Finance | 政府采购；信用记录 |
| 关于全面推进中小企业和农村信用体系建设的意见 | 2016/03/18 | Bank of China | 中小企业和农村 |
| 企业环境信用评价办法（试行） | 12/18/2013 | 环境保护部 发展改革委 人民银行 银监会 | Environmental |
| 水路运输市场信用信息管理办法（试行） | 2017-9-6 | General Office of the Ministry of Transport | 水路运输 |
| Measures on the Administration of Railway Passenger Credit Records (Provisional) | 2017-1-1 | 铁总 | 铁路乘客 |
| 公路水路行业安全生产信用管理办法（试行） | 2017-12-7 | General Office of the Ministry of Transport | Transport |
| 关于印发 《售电公司准入与退出管理办法》和《有序放开配电网业务管理办法》 | 2016/10/08 | National Development and Reform Commission 国 家 能 源 局 | 售电公司 |
| 中华人民共和国海关企业信用管理办法 | 2018-3-3 | Customs General Administration | 海关企业 |
| 关于加强会计人员诚信建设的指导意见 | 2018-4-19 | Ministry of Finance | 会计人员 |
| 关于加强和规范 涉电力领域失信联合惩戒对象名单 管理工作的实施意见 | 2018/2/3 | National Development and Reform Commission 国家能源局 | 电力领域 |
| 关于进一步加强科研诚信建设的若干意见 | 2018-5-30 | General Office of the CPC Central Committee General Office of the State Council | Scientific Research |
地方性公共信用信息管理办法
| Name | Release Date |
|---|---|
| 广东省深圳市公共信用信息管理办法 | 2017年8月10日 |
| 浙江省杭州市公共信用信息管理办法 | 2016年8月28日 |
| 河南省公共信用信息管理暂行办法 | 2014年5月13日 |
Credit Reporting and Credit Appraisal
| Name | Release Date | Issuing Units |
|---|---|---|
| Interim Measures for the Administration of the Credit Rating Industry (Draft for Solicitation of Comments) | 2016/10/12 | Bank of China Reform and Development Committee Securities Regulatory Commission |
| Credit Reporting Establishment Information Security Standards | 2015/07/08 | Bank of China |
| Management Regulation of Financial Credit Information Basic Data | 2015/07/08 | Bank of China |
Passing Mention of Credit System
| Name | Date | Issuing Units | Partial relevant content |
|---|---|---|---|
| Several opinions of the General Office of the State Council on using big data to strengthen the services and supervision for market entities | 2015/07/01 | General Office of the State Council | (2) 2.2. Improve the Credit Support system [and multiple content items] |
| 国务院关于加快构建大众创业万众创新支撑平台的指导意见 | 2015/10/01 | State Council | See： (16) Innovate methods for industry supervision. (19) Accelerate the construction of a credit system. (20) Deepen application of credit information. |
| 国务院印发 关于实行市场准入负面清单制度的意见 | 2015/10/19 | State Council | (20) Establish and improve the social credit systems and incentive disciplinary mechanisms corresponding to the negative list system for market access. 要健全社会信用体系，完善企业信用信息公示系统，将市场主体信用记录纳入“信用中国”网站和全国统一的信用信息共享交换平台，作为各类市场主体从事生产、投资、流通、消费等经济活动的重要依据。 推动建立市场主体准入前信用承诺制，要求其向社会作出公开承诺，若违法失信经营将自愿接受惩戒和限制。 信用承诺纳入市场主体信用记录。 健全守信激励和失信惩戒机制，根据市场主体信用状况实行分类、动态管理，对守信主体予以支持和激励，对失信主体在投融资、土地供应、招投标、财政性资金安排等方面依法依规予以限制。 将严重违反市场竞争原则、扰乱市场经济秩序和侵犯消费者、劳动者、其他经营者合法权益的市场主体列入“黑名单”，对严重违法失信者依法实行市场禁入。 |
| 国务院办公厅印发 关于加强互联网领域侵权假冒行为治理的意见 | 2015/11/09 | General Office of the State Council | See: (14) Advance the establishment of the credit system in the field of e-commerce. |
| Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Development of the Courier Industry | 2015/11/27 | State Council | （十）【。。。】发挥行业自律和社会监督作用，利用企业信用信息公示系统和行业监管信息系统，建立违法失信主体“黑名单”及联合惩戒制度，营造诚实守信的市场环境。 |
| 工商总局发布 流通领域商品质量监督管理办法 | 2016/03/22 | State Administration for Industry and Commerce | Article 24: 工商行政管理部门依据监督检查职权或者通过投诉、举报、其他机关移送、上级机关交办等途径发现、查处商品质量违法行为，并通过企业信用信息公示系统向社会公示行政处罚信息。 |
| 国务院办公厅关于促进二手车便利交易的若干意见 | 2016/03/25 | General Office of the State Council | IV, Strengthening the establishment of a credit system for used-car market entities.依法采集二手车交易市场、经销企业、拍卖企业、鉴定评估机构、维修服务企业以及其他市场主体的信用信息，建立二手车市场主体信用记录，纳入全国信用信息共享平台，并按照有关规定及时在企业信用信息公示系统以及“信用中国”网站予以公开，方便社会查询和应用。 |
| 国家工商总局关于印发2016网络市场监管专项行动方案的通知 | 2016/05/04 | 国家工商总局 | （九）强化信用监管，实施网络违法失信惩戒。各地工商、市场监管部门要将网络经营者的行政处罚信息记入信用档案，通过企业信用信息公示系统等及时向社会公布，并纳入当地信用信息共享平台，与全国信用信息共享平台对接。重点加强对网络经营者通过年度报告公示其开设网站以及从事网络经营的网店名称、网址等信息的督促检查，对隐瞒真实情况、弄虚作假的，列入异常名录或标记为经营异常状态。对依据《企业信息公示暂行条例》《严重违法失信企业名单管理暂行办法》应列入严重违法失信企业名单管理的网络经营企业，一律列入“黑名单”实施约束管理。（5-11月） |
| Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Sustained and Healthy Development of Venture Capital Investment | 2016/09/20 | State Council | “三是坚持信用为本。以诚信为兴业之本、发展之基，加强创业投资行业信用体系建设，建立和完善守信联合激励和失信联合惩戒制度，促进创业投资企业和创业投资管理企业诚信守法，忠实履行对投资者的诚信义务，创建“信用创投”发展环境” (十七）严格保护知识产权。完善知识产权保护相关法律法规和制度规定，加强对创业创新早期知识产权保护，在市场竞争中培育更多自主品牌，健全知识产权侵权查处机制，依法惩治侵犯知识产权的违法犯罪行为，将企业行政处罚、黑名单等信息纳入全国信用信息共享平台，对严重侵犯知识产权的责任主体实施联合惩戒，并通过“信用中国”网站、企业信用信息公示系统等进行公示，创造鼓励创业投资的良好知识产权保护环境 |
| Opinions of the State Council on actively and steadily reducing enterprise leverage ratios | 2016/10/10 | State Council | 26.加强市场主体信用约束。建立相关企业和机构及其法定代表人、高级管理人员的信用记录，并纳入全国信用信息共享平台。构建参与各方失信行为联合惩戒机制，依据相关法律法规严格追究恶意逃废债和国有资产流失等违法违规单位及相关人员责任。 |
| Notice of the general office of the State Council on Issuing the implementation plan for the special rectification work on Internet financial risks | 2016/10/13 | General Office of the State Council | 六（二） 【...】加快推进互联网金融领域信用体系建设，强化对征信机构的监管，使征信为互联网金融活动提供更好的支持。 |
| Implementation Plan for the Special Project on Rectifying Risk of Non-bank Payment Systems | 2016/10/14 | 中国人民银行中央宣传部中央维稳办国家发展改革委工业和信息化部公安部财政部住房城乡建设部工商总局国务院法制办国家网信办国家信访局最高人民法院最高人民检察院 | “落实责任，信用约束。对整治过程中发现的备付金管理薄弱、存在挪用备付金行为的支付机构依法从严、从重处理，严肃追究无证机构以及为无证机构违法违规活动提供通道或接口的相关支付机构、商业银行的责任。充分发挥信用约束作用，通过政府部门、行业协会等进行信息公开、公示，让无证机构一处违法、处处受限。” |
| SAIC's opinions on strengthening the protection of consumers' rights and interests in the Internet fields | 2016/10/21 | State Administration for Industry and Commerce | V. 【...】推动消费侵权案件公示工作，依法通过国家企业信用信息公示系统公示行政处罚信息，对于网络经营企业因提供商品或者服务不符合保障人身、财产安全要求，造成人身伤害等严重侵害消费者权益的违法行为，两年内受到三次以上行政处罚的，要严格按照严重违法失信企业名单进行管理。推动部门间信用信息互联共享，实施失信联合惩戒，让违法企业及有关人员“一处违法、处处受限”。【...】 |
| 国务院办公厅关于建设大众创业万众创新示范基地的实施意见 | 2016/10/24 | General Office of the State Council | 三（二）The infringement of intellectual property rights will be incorporated into the credit record and collected into the national credit information sharing platform to build a joint disciplinary punishment mechanism. |
| 关于开展加快内贸流通创新推动供给侧结构性改革扩大消费专项行动的意见 | 2016/11/16 | Ministry of Commerce Reform and Development Committee Ministry of Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Ministry of Public Security Ministry of Finance Ministry of Transport People's Bank of China Customs General Administration State Administration of Taxation State Administration for Industry and Commerce General Administration of Quality Supervision Statistics Bureau | 3. Advance the establishment of credit.培育征信市场，推动征信业发展，促进政府信用信息和市场信用信息的交换共享。建设完善全国信用信息共享平台，开展流通领域行政许可和行政处罚信息“双公示”。建立诚信企业“红名单”和失信企业“黑名单”，加快实施联合惩戒和联合激励，打造“守信得益、失信受制”的良好信用环境。深入开展“诚信兴商宣传月”活动，发挥典型示范作用。 |
| Regulations on the Protection of Minors Online (Draft for Deliberation) | 1/7/2017 | Unclear | Article 25: State network information departments, together with relevant State Council departments, are to establish online protection of minors archives and blacklists systems. |
| 国务院办公厅关于印发控制污染物排放许可制实施方案的通知 | 2016/11/21 | General Office of the State Council | (15)【...】在统一社会信用代码基础上适当扩充，制定全国统一的排污许可证编码。通过排污许可证管理信息平台统一收集、存储、管理排污许可证信息，实现各级联网、数据集成、信息共享。形成的实际排放数据作为环境保护部门排污收费、环境统计、污染源排放清单等各项固定污染源环境管理的数据来源。 （十六）加大信息公开力度。在全国排污许可证管理信息平台上及时公开企事业单位自行监测数据和环境保护部门监管执法信息，公布不按证排污的企事业单位名单，纳入企业环境行为信用评价，并通过企业信用信息公示系统进行公示。与环保举报平台共享污染源信息，鼓励公众举报无证和不按证排污行为。【...】 |
| Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Improving the System for Collective Forestry Rights | 2016/11/25 | General Office of the State Council | （十一）【。。。】建立健全对工商资本流转林权的监管制度，对流转条件、用途、经营计划和违规处罚等作出规定，加强事中事后监管，并纳入信用记录。 |
| Notice on the rapid cooperative protection efforts for intellectual property rights | 2016/11/26 | State Intellectual Property Office | （1）4.切实加大对失信行为惩戒力度。建立产业集聚区知识产权失信“黑名单”，将存在重复侵权、假冒专利、拒不执行行政决定、连续提交非正常申请及违法违规从事专利代理者列入“黑名单”，在一定时间内禁止其通过快速审查通道申请专利。 |
| 《关于加强市场监管和公共服务保障煤炭中长期合同履行的意见》 | 2016/12/01 | State Development and Reform Commission, State Council, SASAC | IX. Strengthening the establishment of entity credit, carrying out joint incentives for the trustworthy and joint disciplinary actions for the untrustworthy.【...】 对有效履 行合同的守信企业，在有关优惠政策上给予倾斜；对不履行合同 的企业，纳入失信企业预警名单，情节严重的纳入失信企业黑名 单，在企业相关项目核准审批、运力调整、价格监管和信用约束 等方面，包括对企业法定代表人（负责人）实施守信联合激励和 失信联合惩戒。 |
| 国务院安委会关于加快推进安全生产社会化服务体系建设的指导意见 | 2017/01/10 | Work Safety Committee of the State Council | 九(三) 严格信用管理。将安全生产社会化服务机构信用纳入安全生产诚信体系，将信用情况作为资质认定、日常监管、政策扶持、融资授信等工作的重要依据，纳入企业信用信息公示系统和个人安全生产职业记录。严格实施安全生产不良信用记录制度，对发现未履行服务合同项目、只收费不服务等失信行为的技术服务机构、保险机构、培训机构、社会组织、注册安全工程师事务所等，列入“黑名单”管理，强化守信激励、失信惩戒。 |
| 国务院关于印发“十三五”国家知识产权保护和运用规划的通知 | 2017/01/13 | State Council | 五（2）4.加强知识产权服务业监管。完善知识产权服务业统计制度，建立服务机构名录库。成立知识产权服务标准化技术组织，推动完善服务标准体系建设，开展标准化试点示范。完善专利代理管理制度，加强事中事后监管。健全知识产权服务诚信信息管理、信用评价和失信惩戒等管理制度，及时披露相关执业信息。 |
| 国务院办公厅关于进一步激发社会领域投资活力的意见 | 2017-3-7 | State Council | 34. 将医疗、养老、教育、文化、体育等机构及从业人员信用记录纳入全国信用信息共享平台，其中涉及企业的相关记录同步纳入国家企业信用信息公示系统，对严重违规失信者依法采取限期行业禁入等惩戒措施，建立健全跨地区跨行业信用奖惩联动机制。 |
| Internet Domain Name Management Measures | 2017-8-25 | Ministry of Industry and Information Technology | 第十一条 申请设立域名注册管理机构的，应当具备以下条件： (2) be lawfully established legal persons , with the said legal person and their main investors, and main operational and management personnel, having good credit records; |
| Internet Group Information Service Management Provisions | 2017-9-7 | State Internet Information Office | 第七条，第二段； Internet group information service providers shall establish a user credit level management system, providing services corresponding to credit levels. |
| Internet User Public Account Information Services Management Provisions | 2017-9-7 | State Internet Information Office | 第六条，第二段： Internet user public account information service providers shall establish Internet user public account information service user credit rating systems, providing services corresponding to credit levels. |
| 印刷业管理条例 | rev. 2017- | State Council | Article 13: 出版行政部门应当按照国家社会信用信息平台建设的总体要求，与公安部门、工商行政管理部门或者其他有关部门实现对印刷企业信息的互联共享。 |
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